![]() ![]() HEARTBEAT MONITOR SKINMore recent devices use optics to measure heart rate by shining light from an LED through the skin and measuring how it scatters off blood vessels. Welsh Government video: a smart phone heart rate monitor, 2016 Both Bluetooth and Ant+ use the 2.4 GHz radio band, which cannot send signals underwater. Note the older Polar 5.1 kHz radio transmission technology is usable underwater. Newer technology prevents one user's receiver from using signals from other nearby transmitters (known as cross-talk interference) or eavesdropping. This signal can be a simple radio pulse or a unique coded signal from the chest strap (such as Bluetooth, ANT, or other low-power radio links). ![]() When a heartbeat is detected a radio signal is transmitted, which the receiver uses to display/determine the current heart rate. The electrical monitors consist of two elements: a monitor/transmitter, which is worn on a chest strap, and a receiver. PPG ( Photoplethysmography) sensors use a light-based technology to measure the blood volume controlled by the heart's pumping action. ĮCG ( Electrocardiography) sensors measure the bio-potential generated by electrical signals that control the expansion and contraction of heart chambers, typically implemented in medical devices. Both types of signals can provide the same basic heart rate data, using fully automated algorithms to measure heart rate, such as the Pan-Tompkins algorithm. Modern heart rate monitors commonly use one of two different methods to record heart signals (electrical and optical). Visible is the circuit board, the antenna for data transfer, the battery and the connections to the electrodes in the adjoining belt at picture top and bottom. X-ray image of a chest strap (left: frontal view right: side view). ![]()
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